SAN DIEGO -- Over the past
decade, egg donation programs have become mainstream.
They offer an option for interfile couples, most of
whom waited too long to have children. But with
criteria like 1400 SAT scores, athletic build and
beauty, some people worry the practice is turning
babies into a commodity.
Advertisements are popping up in college newspapers
across the country that offer $20,000 or more to
young, attractive, healthy, smart women willing to
donate their eggs. While infertile couples consider it
their best chance for a child, others worry it is
turning babies into a business.
Danny Jacques, 9, is the result of a gift of love. A
woman donated an egg to his 42-year-old mother, Nancy
Jacques, who was going through ovarian failure.
"The evaluation is that if I was going to conceive, I
had a 1 percent chance with my own eggs," Jacques
said.
She and her husband paid a young woman $1,000 for her
eggs.
Nearly a decade later, eggs are a hot commodity that
sometimes fetch staggering prices up to $50,000.
On Web sites, Ivy league students market themselves by
touting impressive vital statistics along with 4.0
grade point averages and SAT scores of 1400.
Darlene Pinkerton runs the company, A Perfect Match.
"I've had some (women) who have made $40,000. The
average first time donor for us, Ivy league school is
$10,000," Pinkerton said.
Five years ago Pinkerton's agency helped four couples.
This year, the client number is up to 200.
"My average client is 40 to 42 (years old), mostly
professional women who have placed their career first
and thought they'd be able to have children later in
life," Pinkerton explained.
Pinkerton and her husband, attorney Thomas Pinkerton,
entered the field after they were the in San Diego
County to have a child by a surrogate mother. They
considered compensating young women for their eggs a
legal act of generosity.
"As the fee gets up over $10,000 it's hard to justify
it as a donation. So, I don't have a problem saying
the donors are selling their eggs," Thomas Pinkerton
told 10News. "We have some donors who have donated
three or four times and have basically paid their
college loans off."
But the practice of high pay is not without critics,
among them is Dr. Grace Janik, an infertility
specialist.
"It's a wonderful thing to do. But you should do it
for a sense of giving back, not to make $50,000, or
whatever the highest market value you can do," Janik
said.
Janik worries high compensation may prompt donors to
lie about their health and lifestyle. She also takes
issue with parents seeking exceptional beauty or high
IQs.
"I have an ethical problem with designer babies, IQs,
models. I have a problem with being too specific on
eugenics," Janik said.
"We certainly didn't talk about a perfect baby -- a
high-IQ baby. The emphasis was on a healthy baby,"
said Nancy Jacques.
Ron and Nancy Jacques admit they would have paid far
more than $1,000 for their son, Danny. They told him
last year exactly where he came from and he believes
it shows just how much he was wanted.
"I think it's a great program and it made me exist. I
like it," Danny Jacques said.
People from all over the world come to California for
egg donations because the laws are favorable.
It is illegal to sell body tissue like hearts or
kidneys, but there are exceptions for blood, plasma,
hair, sperm, and eggs.
The process takes about two months, and involves
injections and surgery for the donor.